Romania had a total 96.705 enterprise groups in 2022, of which 6.036 all-resident enterprise groups and 90.669 multinational enterprise groups (606 domestically controlled and 90.063 foreign-controlled, respectively).
In 2022, 6.036 of the total enterprise groups in Romania were all-resident, namely more than 6% of the total groups.
In 2022, out of the total multinational enterprise groups controlled from abroad and identified in Romania, 14.553 are groups controlled by foreign legal entities and 75.510 are groups controlled by foreign natural persons.
In Romania, in 2022, a share of 29.2% of the total number of employees in active enterprises performed their activities in enterprises that were part of multinational groups controlled from abroad.
The results for 2022 show that, according to the share of the number of employees, the first place is held by the enterprise subgroups controlled by legal entities or natural persons from Germany (18.1%), the second place is held by those controlled from France (11.2%) and the third place by those controlled from the United States of America (9.3%).
According to the share of the number of employees in total foreign-controlled multinational enterprise groups, the enterprise subgroups controlled from Germany predominantly operate in section C – Manufacturing (9.3%), in section G – Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (3.3%) and in section M – Professional, scientific and technical activities (2.9%).
As regards the enterprise subgroups controlled from France, 4.5% of employees are found in section C – Manufacturing, 2.3% are found in section G – Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, and 1.4% are found in section J – Information and communication.
The enterprise subgroups controlled from the United States of America have their highest number of employees in section C – Manufacturing (3.8%) and section J – Information and communication (2.8%).
In 2022, the distribution of the enterprise groups in Romania by economic activity shows that most of them operate in section G – wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles – 32% of the total enterprise groups; section F – construction – 12% of the total enterprise groups; section M – professional, scientific and technical activities – 10% of the total enterprise groups; section C – manufacturing – 10% of the total enterprise groups; section L – real estate activities – 8% of the total enterprise groups.
The all-resident enterprise groups predominantly operate in the following fields: section G – wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles – 18%; section F – construction – 11%; section M – professional, scientific and technical activities – 11%; section C – manufacturing – 10%; section S – other service activities – 8%.