In 2019, half of the economic activities in Romania reported fewer vacant jobs than in 2018. Commerce, constructions and the HORECA (hotel, restaurant, café) were the fields of activity reporting more vacant jobs than a year ago, while the processing industry, education and healthcare were the fields reporting fewer vacant jobs.
Should the current trends be kept (the unemployment rate, the decline in wage growth rate and the evolution of vacant jobs), more and more precise projects are expected to be managed with foreign workers, in 2020.
The biggest wage increases in 2019 were recorded in the field of constructions, 30% higher than in the previous year. The education, transports and healthcare sectors also saw significant wage increases. As per the survey, it is expected a decline in the growth rate in 2020, especially in the public sector. Forecasts on the evolution of the gross domestic product (GDP) are dropping, which will impact the evolution of private sector salaries.
May 2019 was the first month when the unemployment rate fell below 3%. The monthly evolution of the unemployment rate considered the seasonality of activities in the Romanian economy, For 2020, the annual average rate is expected to stay around 3%, being higher in January-March. Fewer and fewer new labor contracts were registered in the last three years, despite a growing number of employees. These indicators are validated by all trends mentioned in the previous evolutions: falling unemployment rate, fewer vacant jobs, massive migration.
All these trends, however, will trigger more and more precise projects managed with foreign workers. Gradually, but surely, the number of employees in the Romanian economy is expected to exceed 5 million people in 2020, the survey also shows.
Also, throughout a 60-year period, Romania stands to lose 33% of its population provided the current trends are kept. Romania has one of the world’s most enticing legislations aimed at bolstering the birthrate (subsidies for mothers and maternity leave).
In 2049, 3% of the active population will hold “green jobs” and 2% will hold yet inexistent jobs, according to the survey, which says the existent workplaces will “go green” as corporate production and operations processes become more and more sustainable ecologically.
“Romania has a significant energy potential, a dynamic developing economy and a chance to create many green jobs for the future. Electric vehicle engineers, wind energy and marine specialists and forestry specialists are some of the jobs to be created and developed in Romania over the next five to ten years. In 2049, the life expectancy in Romania will reach 86 years. The growth trend of life expectancy is general across the European Union. Medical breakthroughs and the increase in the living standard will have a major impact on this phenomenon”, the survey shows.
As per the survey, 2049 is a reference year for a neutral Europe, in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The new EU legislation on fuel consumption and CO2 emissions became effective in 2019.
Romania has seen significant declines since 1989 and forecasts point to 1,2 metric tons of CO2 per capita in 2049.
Worldwide, 18 million new jobs (approximately the current population of Romania) will be generated by the green economy until 2030. Solar jobs see the biggest increase, being followed by jobs in the biomass and wind energy sectors.